Dartmouth Conference, held in 1956, by one of the pioneers of artificial intelligence, an American computer scientist, John McCarthy, opened the gates of research and opportunities in the field of artificial intelligence. What started as the joint effort of almost 20 people present at the conference, turned into the passion and obsession of many people, entering the field of science and technology. These people were the ones that made distant future, a part of the present, through artificial intelligence. As a result of their dedication, artificial intelligence was developed gradually, from the early 1960’s to the present day.
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The early 1960’s introduced us to the most basic machines, which could perform the simple tasks assigned to them. Unimate, an industrial robot, was used to perform a task that could help avoid human casualties in the General Motors Assembly line. As the power of making autonomous decisions in robots was a distant concept, the machines could only perform the tasks that they were designed to do. However, in an attempt, to instill robots with human characteristics, ELIZA was invented. It was the first ever Chatbot which could converse with humans. Once a robot was able to chat, the scientists thought about increasing the bar, by inventing WATBOT-1. It could see, converse and even mobilize. Then, to gift robots with talents rather than just natural human abilities, WATBOT-2 was invented, which could read musical scores and even play music on an electronic music organ. Working towards enabling these computerized machines with a presence of mind, Mercedes- Benz in the 1980’s invented the first autonomous vehicle. This vehicle equipped with sensors and cameras, was able to drive on the road with an appropriate speed but was not able to navigate through traffic or interact with its surroundings. However, the researchers didn’t lose hope and came up with a robot, showcasing another human quality of “learning through past experience”. This time, inspired by ELIZA, scientists created A.L.I.C.E, who could converse more effectively by not just producing a pre-programmed answer, but through building the conversation on past memory. A similar robotic pet dog could befriend and talk to a human using the same technology. Scientists also tapped into recreating emotional expressions, a trait significantly human. Kismet, the robot, was able to comprehend and simulate emotional expressions, through its carefully crafted eyes, eyelids, eyebrows and lips. Obsessed with making the robots look like humans, humanoids were introduced in the twenty-first century, with Hyundai’s ASIMO leading the race. Another humanoid called Petman, was able to imitate the human walk, accurately. With his six-foot tall figure and weight of about 80 kilos, this humanoid was even able to perspire.
Apart from their uncanny resemblance to humans, the robots of this century are even equipped to perform various tasks even better than humans. Robots like ATLAS, carry out search and rescue missions, effectively, without putting human lives in danger. Similarly, these robots have even opened up the possibility of having a few adventures as the mermaid robot is able to go to depths underwater where no one has previously been.
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